401 / 530
400
Micia
a temple of Patriae deities of the Maurs of
numerus Maurorum
restaured
during Septimius Severus and Caracalla, onother temple or
fanum
dedicated to
IOM Hierapoliotanus
from Syria was discovered in the site called ,“at the border”
from
Micia
. Though reduced in number, so far, these temples modest in architectural
structure demonstrate the existence of places of worship in this environment of
vican settlements. Other buildings of public character are not known so far in south
west Dacia.
Alongside Micia and Tibiscum we know the vican settlements around the
forts from
Praetorium
(Mehadia), Pojejena,
Arcidava
(Vărădia) (possibly?),
Ad
Pannonios
(Teregova), perhaps
Dierna
(Orşova). The settlements developed near
the Roman fortifications helped strengthen their economic relations with the army
they serve, but also by standing trade contacts with local and adjacent barbarian
world. They stand up as the most important centers of Roman culture in the region.
Rural settlement
. There are little known rural settlements in south west of
Dacia most of them being identified throughout surface research, and only in few
cases on their territory small surveys were conducted. In one case mapping information
is mentioned on
Tabula Peutingeriana
indicating
Ad Pannonios
(identified at
Teregova).
A rural settlement could be that found on the Dierna–Tibiscum imperial road,
known as
Tibiscum
, that practically doubles the toponym found on the left bank of
Timiş and that could represent an indigenous settlement, not researched so far. Its
place in the territory has been identified. It is situated on the imperial road mentioned
above near the place where it joints the other imperial road from Lederata–Tibiscum.
Near the great fort from Tibiscum on the left bank of Timiş, at approx. 550 m
north of the northern fortification premises researches have been carried out in the
rural settlement of Zăgujeni site (village C. Daicoviciu, Caraş Severin county), where
several wooden houses have been found with modest archaeological inventory, it is
true, but having Roman origin.
Near a construction of rural farming type in Criciova, from “Tramnic” site
and north west at approx. 1500 m, in the spot called “Râtul lui Mocrean”, found on
Timiş river bank, a Dacian-Roman settlement was identified, having semi hut
housing type with specific inventory. At Greoni, to the “Budoviţei Valley” point, in
1964 a rural settlement with dwellings of adobe and wood surface has been
identified, datable during Dacia province.
A distinctive place in the ancient landscape holds the thermal resort of
Ad Mediam
(Herculane) identified by a number of inscriptions dedicated by important
personalities of Dacia and other neighboring areas, along with commoners. Most
numerous invocations are made for Hercules, generally known as a protective deity
of thermal waters. A cartographic document of the Eighteenth century has enabled
the identification of a significant number of constructions as the two thermae
complex and a temple of Hercules and other gods. The resort had an important role
in transhumance flocks due to the protectiveness of Hercules.
A distinctive feature in rural habitation from the Roman Empire provinces
would have been given by rural farms found in the centre of the land received by