394 / 530
393
Historia Augusta
relates to this event, as follows: “
he wanted to create
Marcomannia
and
Sarmatia
as Roman provinces, and would have done this if not
for the riots caused by Avidius Cassius in Orient
...”. This statement suggests the
chronology of the event, precisely when the two provinces were organised in
barbaricum
, event decided by Marcus Aurelius somewhere around 177, when the
riot of Avidius Cassius took place.
What remains unclear is the extent planned for the territory of
Sarmatia
province towards South. But, in ancient times this fact was known by the
barbarians living in this area. The Yazyges Sarmaths started to push southwards in
the territory between Tisza and Danube, trying to avoid to be integrated within the
Roman province. This would explain their migration southwards in the space situated
where Mureş meets Tisza. Under this Sarmathian pressure, the populations
inhabiting the area will try to take cover East of Tisza. Indigenous local communities
of this area could not force their entrance into Pannonia Inferior, but could approach
the territories East of Tisza, where they settled. The Yazyges advanced on the
territory and came closer to the south of “the bag”, towards Danube.
Local indigenous settlements in this area were seen themselves forced to
retreat East towards Tisza, to be rescued. These population movements must have
determined in the space between the Tisza and Danube, some military conflicts that
have resulted in military intervention in Dacia for peacekeeping and finally solving
the problem by accepting local communities near the province borders. In this
respect, the first clue comes from Dio Cassius who mentiones, that during the Roman
legatus
C. Vettius Sabinianus Iulius Hospes
(180–182), 12.000 free Dacia and were
allowed to settle in Dacia province, being banished from their habitat. The areas
where they settled are not clear so far. What is clear is that the establisment of
these communities was made with Roman permission, because they perceived this
sedentary population as a stability factor. Argumentation that sustains the closeness
to the median defence system, is that it delineated the south western
limes
of Dacia
in this sector. Archaeological discoveries undertaken in the south-west of Dacia, in
the space between Tisza and the median defence system, confirms this situation.
The settlement of Freidorf–Timişoara is approx. 1000 m west of the Roman weave,
while that from Dumbrăviţa at less than 500 m.
Following Marcommani wars, the Romans had to give up their policy that
along the western border of Dacia facing the defence system to create a
terra deserta
till Tisza, situation imposed since the Roman conquest. Rural settlements were
only archeologically found, dating toward the end of the 2
nd
century, confirming
this hypothesis. Acceptance of such a situation must have been determined by the
pressure of some tribes such as the Sarmatian, which in turn have deployed other
local tribes of Celts-Pannonian and Dacians that occupied this territory, as the
settlement of Čurug.
Severs dynasty
existence marks a positive development in the province.
Dacia troops from both legions and auxiliary units participated in the campaigns of
both East and West Empire during the reign of Septimius Severus, Caracalla,
Severus Alexander. These dinasties are rated as the most faithful new dinasties,